Location and Size: Located at narrow point of Strait of Malacca off southern tip of Malay Peninsula connected with Malaysia by causeway. Land area in 1988 about 636 square kilometers, consisting of one main island and 58 islets. Main island 42 kilometers long and 23 kilometers wide, with coastline of 138 kilometers.

Topography: Mainly low-lying, with hills reaching 165 meters in island's center. Extensive reclamation and landfill along coasts.

Climate: Tropical climate, with daily high temperatures moderated by sea breezes. Rainfall throughout the year but usually heaviest from November to January.

Data as of December 1989